Dr. Ravi Kumar Shah

Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs when the body is unable to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels effectively. This happens due to either a lack of insulin production or the body’s inability to use insulin properly. There are two main types: Type 1 Diabetes, an autoimmune condition where the body destroys insulin-producing cells, and Type 2 Diabetes, the more common form, often linked to obesity, physical inactivity, and genetic factors. Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and slow wound healing. If left untreated, diabetes can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, nerve damage, vision loss, and foot ulcers. Diagnosis is made through blood tests such as fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, and glucose tolerance tests. Management of diabetes includes a combination of healthy diet, regular exercise, blood sugar monitoring, and medications like oral antidiabetics or insulin therapy. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are key to preventing complications and leading a healthy life. Regular follow-up with a physician and lifestyle modifications play a critical role in the long-term control of Diabetes Mellitus.